Archives: FAQs

 A: They create .github/workflows/main.yml to define the pipeline. They configure Karma to run in a headless mode (since CI environments usually lack GUI), enforce coverage thresholds (e.g. 95%), and define npm scripts such as test-ci. They also adjust angular.json and karma.conf.js to support test settings and coverage reporting.

A: Angular 15, Jasmine (testing framework), Karma (test runner), GitHub Actions (CI/CD pipeline), Angular Material for UI, SharedModule & MaterialModule structures, service stubs/mocks, TDD approach.

 A: It ensures that new code doesn’t degrade testing quality; developers must write sufficient tests to cover edge cases. It prevents merging code with low coverage, encourages responsibility, and helps maintain more reliable code over time. It also catches failures early.

A: The goal is twofold: to demonstrate writing unit tests (components, services) in an Angular 15 application using Jasmine + Karma, and to enforce code quality via continuous integration using GitHub Actions — ensuring that test coverage thresholds are met and that tests run automatically before merging code. 

 A: Some Linux commands behave differently across distributions; Windows may handle commands differently or not support certain commands at all. Also the path, environment variables, permission models vary. If writing cross-platform tools, be aware of these differences. The article assumes a Linux environment.

A: Some Linux commands require root or sudo privileges. The article points out that if you don’t have administrator rights, certain commands may fail, and shows alternatives or modifications to avoid those parts.

A: Yes. When executing shell commands from Python, risks include shell injection (if user input is passed unfiltered), executing commands with elevated privileges accidentally, or exposing sensitive data. The article doesn’t go deeply into security hardening, but in practical use you must validate/escape inputs and avoid passing untrusted data to subprocess especially with shell=True.

A: Primarily the built-in subprocess module. The article also refers to reading from files, looping through lists, converting outputs to strings, and handling administrator privileges.

 A: It means using Python scripts to run shell (Linux) commands — for example, using the subprocess module — so that Python can invoke commands like ping, file operations, etc., as if typed in a terminal. The blog walks through examples like pinging servers listed in a file.

 A: Covering all branching logic (e.g. conditionals, if/else, ternary operators), testing both valid and invalid inputs, including asynchronous behaviors, and making sure DOM interactions are exercised (e.g. disabled states, event triggers). Also using unique selectors (like HTML IDs) can help reliably hit DOM elements in tests.